
What is Colon Cancer?
Colon cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the inner lining of the large intestine (colon) and is often seen in people aged 50 and over. It is usually caused by polyps, benign growths that form on the inner surface of the large intestine. These polyps can turn into cancer over time. Colon cancer, which is usually asymptomatic in the early stages, can cause symptoms such as blood in the stool, abdominal pain, abnormal defecation habits and weight loss as it progresses. Diagnosis is made by colonoscopy and biopsy. Treatment usually includes surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Early diagnosis increases the success of treatment and improves survival rates.
Colon Cancer Treatment
Colon cancer treatment varies depending on the stage and spread of the cancer. Early-stage colon cancer is usually treated with surgery, where the aim is to remove the cancerous tissue and the surrounding healthy tissue and some of the lymph nodes. In advanced stage cancers, chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy may be applied in addition to surgery. New treatment options, such as targeted therapies and immunotherapy, may also be effective in some patients. During the treatment process, it is also important to support the nutritional status and general health of patients. Early diagnosis is critical for the effectiveness of treatment.
Symptoms of Colon Cancer
Symptoms of colon cancer include blood in the stool, abdominal pain, persistent diarrhea or constipation, abnormal bowel habits, and weight loss. Fatigue and weakness may also occur in advanced stages.
Causes of Colon Cancer
Although the exact cause of colon cancer is unknown, genetic factors, aging, obesity, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption and some dietary habits are among the risk factors.
Diagnosing Colon Cancer
Colon cancer diagnosis is usually made by colonoscopy and biopsy. These procedures are used to confirm cancerous tissue and evaluate the spread of cancer.
Lifestyle Changes in Colon Cancer
To reduce the risk of colon cancer, a balanced diet, regular exercise, avoidance of smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are recommended. Increasing the consumption of fibrous foods and reducing the consumption of processed meats may also be beneficial.
Frequently Asked Questions About Colon Cancer
Symptoms of colon cancer include blood in the stool, abdominal pain, persistent diarrhea or constipation, abnormal bowel habits, and weight loss. Fatigue and weakness may also occur in advanced stages.
Colon cancer is usually diagnosed through colonoscopy and biopsy. These procedures allow the inner surface of the large intestine to be examined and cancerous tissue to be detected.
Colon cancer treatment varies depending on the stage and spread of the cancer. Treatment usually includes surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Surgery is usually sufficient in the early stages, while combined treatment may be required in advanced stages.
To reduce the risk of colon cancer, regular colonoscopy screenings, a healthy diet, regular exercise, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are recommended.
Colon cancer may occur more frequently in some families, especially if there is a family history of colon cancer or polyps. Genetic testing and hereditary risk assessment may be important in this situation.