Colon Polyp

They are small, abnormal growths that occur in the wall of the large intestine (colon). Although they are usually benign, some may have the potential to become cancerous over time. Colon polypIt usually has no symptoms and is discovered incidentally during routine screening tests for most people.

What is a Colon Polyp and What Are Its Types?

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They are abnormal growths that occur in the large intestine (colon). They usually form as small, fleshy protrusions and often do not cause symptoms. They are usually discovered by chance during routine screening tests. They are mostly benign. However, some types can have the potential to become cancerous over time. Therefore, regular check-ups and follow-up are important.

Adenomatous Polyps, these polyps are polyps that have a risk of developing into colon cancer. Their risk usually increases when they are larger than 1 cm. Adenomatous polyps are divided into different subtypes: tubular, tubulovillous and villous polyps.

Hyperplastic Polyps, benign colon polyp, usually do not pose a risk of cancer. They are small in size and are usually found in the last part of the colon.

Dysplastic Polyps, these polyps in which abnormal changes are seen in the cells, carry the risk of becoming cancerous. These types of polyps may require regular follow-up.

Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) is a genetic disease. It causes hundreds or thousands of adenomatous polyps to develop in individuals. Such polyps appear at an early age and are associated with a high risk of colon cancer.

What are the symptoms of colon polyps?

Blood in the stool is one of the most common symptoms of colon polyps. This bleeding usually manifests itself as rectal bleeding. It can cause changes in the color of the stool. If the stool appears red, dark red, or black, it can be a sign of polyps. However, there are many other reasons why you might see blood in your stool.

Abdominal pain and cramping are other symptoms caused by colon polyps. These pains can vary depending on the size and location of the polyp. The pain occurs intermittently. The intensity of this pain can also vary. Some patients may associate this type of pain with digestive problems.

It can cause changes in bowel habits. These changes include diarrhea, constipation, or both. Some patients may experience an increase or decrease in bowel frequency. These symptoms may affect bowel function due to the growth of polyps.

Colon polyp, can cause bloating and gas accumulation in the intestines. It can be associated with digestive problems in some patients. The feeling of bloating can be especially pronounced after eating.

Prolonged bleeding from polyps can lead to iron deficiency anemia. Symptoms of anemia include fatigue, weakness, dizziness and pale skin.

Colon Polyp Diagnosis and Aftermath

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The doctor will review the patient's medical history, noting symptoms such as bleeding in the stool, abdominal pain, or a change in bowel habits.

Colonoscopy is the most common method of diagnosing colon polyps. In this procedure, a thin tube called a colonoscope is inserted through the rectum into the colon. The colonoscope visualizes the presence of polyps.

CT Colonography, this method provides computerized tomography imaging of the colon. However, colonoscopy is usually required to make a definitive diagnosis.

When a polyp is removed, a tissue sample is sent to a lab to determine whether the cells have become cancerous. This is an important step that affects the type of polyp and the treatment plan.

After diagnosis, colon polyp Treatment is based on the type and size of the polyp. If the polyp is benign and small, it can be removed during a colonoscopy. This is usually a minimally invasive procedure. However, larger polyps or those at risk of cancer may require surgery.

After the polyp is removed, the tissue sample obtained by biopsy is examined under a microscope. This examination determines the risk of the polyp becoming cancerous. Adenomatous polyps carry a risk of becoming cancerous. Hyperplastic polyps are generally not at risk.

Regular follow-up is important after polyp removal. Your doctor will determine how often a colonoscopy is needed based on the type of polyp a patient has. Check-ups are usually recommended every 3-5 years.

It is important to develop healthy lifestyle habits to prevent colon polyps and improve overall health. A balanced diet, not smoking, and limiting alcohol consumption can reduce risk factors.

Patients should consult a doctor immediately if any new symptoms (blood in the stool, severe abdominal pain, sudden weight loss, etc.) occur after diagnosis. Such symptoms can help detect possible complications early.

Colon polyp The diagnosis is usually made by colonoscopy and the treatment process is organized according to the type of polyps. Polyp removal and regular follow-up play an important role in preventing colon cancer. Additionally, healthy lifestyle choices are critical to maintaining colon health.